Visual inspection is probably the most important of all non-destructive tests. It can often provide valuable information to the well trained eye. Visual features may be related to workmanship, structural serviceability, and material deterioration and it is particularly important that the engineer is able to differentiate between the various signs of distress which may be encountered. These include for instance, cracks, pop-outs, spalling, disintegration, color change, weathering, staining, surface blemishes and lack of uniformity.
Pre-condition surveys are an advanced programme of the visual inspection where the visual inspection is not confined only to the structure being investigated. It should also include neighboring structures, the surrounding environment and the climatic condition. This extensive information is prepared in a detailed report to give a preliminary indication of the condition of the structure and allow formulation of a subsequent testing programme.
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